Laparoscopic cholecystectomy: first, do no harm; second, take care of bile duct stones

A bile duct injury (BDI) rate of 0.2 % was reported in the era when open cholecystectomy (OC) was the standard [5]. Currently, LC BDI rates ranging from 0.2 to 0.5 % are more the norm in large population-based studies [6–9]. Although the laparoscopic BDI rate may be lessening with the passage of time, BDI is still more likely with LC than with OC, and remains a real danger in the learning curve of every surgeon [10].
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